What is the structure of the hydraulic press?

The structural design of the hydraulic press is relatively complex, mainly composed of a number of core components to ensure the stability and efficiency of its function. The hydraulic press converts the pressure of the liquid into mechanical force through the hydraulic system, which is used to achieve stamping, forming, pressing and other operations. The structure of the hydraulic press usually includes the following main parts:

1. Frame (main frame)

Function: The frame of the hydraulic press is the core support part of the hydraulic press, which carries all the working pressure. It ensures that the hydraulic press remains stable during operation and withstands huge mechanical loads.

Material: Usually made of high-strength steel or cast iron, to ensure sufficient rigidity and deformation resistance.

Design: Generally designed for four-column or single-column structure, four-column hydraulic press is common in large and high-precision applications, single-column hydraulic press is suitable for more simple processing needs.

2. Hydraulic system

Function: The hydraulic system is responsible for generating hydraulic pressure and transmitting the pressure through the oil pump, oil tank, tubing, oil cylinder and other components. The hydraulic system provides power to the actuator of the hydraulic press.

The main components:

Hydraulic pump: Provide the flow and pressure required by the hydraulic press.

Hydraulic cylinder: The hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy to push the slider, piston and other parts to move.

Valve: control the direction, flow and pressure of the oil flow, determine the operation process of the hydraulic press.

Tank: Stores hydraulic oil and provides cooling and filtration functions.

Features: The hydraulic system can accurately adjust the pressure and flow to meet different processing needs.

3. Workbench (or platform)

Function: The workbench is the working part of the hydraulic press, responsible for placing the workpiece and making contact with the mold. It needs to be kept flat to ensure the stability of the workpiece during operation.

Design: The size and design of the table depends on the use of the hydraulic press and the size of the workpiece, and usually has a high load-bearing capacity.

Adjustable: The table of some hydraulic presses can be adjusted up and down to adapt to different workpiece heights in different stamping or forming processes.

4. Slider (or piston)

Function: The slider is the executive part of the hydraulic press, directly involved in stamping, forming and other process operations. The slider is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder and completes the work by moving up and down.

Design: The motion accuracy and stability of the slider directly affect the processing quality of the hydraulic press. A guide is usually installed to ensure smooth movement of the slide.

Mode of movement: Depending on the type of hydraulic press, the slider can be one-way or two-way movement, with different speed and pressure controls.

5. Mold base and mold

Function: The mold base is the part of the mold installation, and the mold base must ensure the stability and neutrality of the mold. Molds are used to form, press, or cut workpieces.

Design: According to different process requirements, the mold can be stamping mold, forming mold, cutting mold and so on. Molds are usually made of high-hardness materials to adapt to high-strength working conditions.

6. Control system

Function: The control system is used to adjust the operation process of the hydraulic press, including starting, stopping, pressure adjustment, speed adjustment, etc. It is usually composed of PLC (programmable logic controller), touch screen, button panel, etc.

Function Settings:

Pressure control: Adjust the working pressure of the hydraulic system to ensure different processing requirements.

Stroke control: Control the up and down stroke of the slider to ensure accurate machining position.

Speed control: adjust the speed of the slider to adapt to the needs of different processes.

Modernization: The modern hydraulic press is equipped with advanced numerical control system, which can be automatically programmed to improve production efficiency.

7. Electrical system

Function: The electrical system is responsible for the power supply and electrical control of the hydraulic press. It includes a motor, distribution box, control panel, cable and other components.

Design: The electrical system needs to ensure the stable operation of the equipment, while having overload protection, short circuit protection and other safety functions.

8. Safety devices

Functions: The hydraulic press needs to set up a variety of safety devices to ensure the safety of the operator and prevent equipment damage.

Common safety devices:

Overload protection: Prevents device damage due to high system pressure.

Emergency stop device: In an emergency, the operator can quickly stop the machine.

Guard: Protects the operator from the moving parts of the machine.

Limit switch: ensure that the movement range of the slider and the table does not exceed the safe range.

9. Cooling system

Function: The hydraulic system and equipment will generate heat when running for a long time, so the cooling system is required to keep the temperature of the hydraulic oil and equipment within the normal range to prevent overheating.

Composition: cooler, fan, cooling water pipe, etc.

The structure of the hydraulic press can be simplified into the following core parts:

Frame - Supports the entire hydraulic structure to ensure stability.

Hydraulic system - provides power support to drive the slide movement.

Slider - Performs machining operations.

Table - Place the workpiece and support the mold.

Control system - regulates the operation of the machine.

Safety device - protects the safety of the operator.